Take these 5 tests to prevent heart disease

Heart health is essential to overall well-being, and early detection of cardiovascular problems can significantly reduce the risk of serious complications.

Regular heart checkups, even when there are no symptoms, are important, especially for people with risk factors such as family history, obesity, smoking, or high cholesterol.

Below are some key heart tests and guidelines on when to see a doctor.

Blood pressure monitoring

High blood pressure, often referred to as the “silent killer,” is one of the most significant risk factors for heart disease and stroke. Dr Meenakshi Mohan, consultant pathologist at Neuberg Pulse Diagnostics, Kolkata, stressed the importance of regular monitoring.

“Healthy adults should check their blood pressure at least every two years, while those with a family history or other risk factors should do so annually,” she advised.

Readings consistently above 130/80 mm Hg require prompt medical attention to avoid complications.

Cholesterol test (lipid panel)

A lipid panel is essential for measuring total cholesterol, LDL (bad cholesterol), HDL (good cholesterol), and triglycerides. Dr. Mohan recommends this test for adults over the age of 20 at least every five years, with more frequent testing for those with high cholesterol or at risk of heart disease.

“High LDL levels significantly increase the risk of heart attack and stroke, making cholesterol management through lifestyle changes and medications crucial,” she added.

Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG)

An ECG evaluates the electrical activity of the heart and can detect irregularities like arrhythmias or early signs of a heart attack.

Dr Mohan advised anyone experiencing chest pain, shortness of breath or palpitations to undergo this test immediately as these symptoms could indicate underlying heart problems.

Resistance test

A stress test helps evaluate the performance of the heart under physical exertion, especially in people with elevated risk factors or symptoms of heart disease.

“If someone experiences chest discomfort or unusual fatigue during exercise, that’s a strong indication for a stress test,” Dr. Mohan said.

Blood Glucose Monitoring

High blood sugar, especially in people with diabetes, increases the risk of heart disease. “Regular monitoring of blood sugar and HbA1c is crucial for people with diabetes, as poor control can lead to cardiovascular complications,” explained Dr. Mohan.

Seeking medical attention for your heart health is essential if you experience any unusual or concerning symptoms. Warning signs include persistent chest pain or discomfort that spreads to the arms, neck, or back, shortness of breath, dizziness, or lightheadedness.

“Irregular heartbeat, palpitations or swelling in the legs can indicate cardiovascular problems, and anyone at high risk of heart disease should be screened early,” advised Dr. Mohan.